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1 अविश्वस्त
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2 indubitandus
in-dŭbĭtandus, a, um, adj. [id.], not to be doubted, indubitable (late Lat.):veritas,
Aug. Ep. 19, 2. -
3 pekin
phil. certain, not to be doubted. -
4 העלה ספק
doubted, had doubts about, had misgivings, was uncertain; did not believe in, questioned the certitude of -
5 dudar
v.1 to doubt.¿vas a venir? — lo dudo are you going to come? — I doubt it o I don't think solo dudo mucho I very much doubt ityo no lo hice — no lo dudo, pero… I didn't do it — I'm sure you didn't, but…dudo que venga I doubt (whether) he'll comeRicardo duda Richard doubts.2 to hesitate.dudar entre hacer una cosa u otra to be unsure whether to do one thing or anotherno dudes en venir a preguntarme don't hesitate to come and ask meMaría duda Mary hesitates.* * *1 to doubt, have doubts2 (titubear) to hesitate1 to doubt\dudar de alguien to doubt somebody, mistrust somebody* * *verb1) to doubt2) hesitate* * *1. VT1) (=no estar seguro de) to doubtespero que venga, aunque lo dudo mucho — I hope she'll come, although I doubt very much (if) she will
-yo te ayudaré -no lo dudo, pero... — "I'll help you" - "I'm sure you will, but..."
es lo mejor para ti, no lo dudes — it's the best thing for you, believe me
•
a no dudarlo — undoubtedly•
dudar que, dudo que sea verdad — I doubt (whether o if) it's true•
dudar si, dudaba si había echado la carta — I wasn't sure if I had posted the letter2) (=vacilar sobre)lo dudé mucho y al final me decidí por el azul — I thought about it o dithered * a lot but in the end I decided on the blue one
si yo fuera tú, no lo dudaría — if I were you, I wouldn't hesitate
2. VI1) (=desconfiar) to doubt, have doubts•
dudar de algo — to question sth, doubt sthlos celos le hicieron dudar de su cariño — jealousy made her question o doubt his affection
2) (=vacilar)no sé qué hacer, estoy dudando — I don't know what to do, I'm in two minds o I'm undecided
•
dudar en hacer algo — to hesitate to do sth* * *1.verbo transitivo to doubtdudo que te haya dicho la verdad — I doubt if o whether he's told you the truth
es el mejor, no lo dudes — it's the best one, take it from me
2.yo hice todo lo que pude - no lo dudo, pero... — I did everything I could - I'm sure you did, but...
dudar vicómpralo, no sigas dudando — go ahead and buy it, stop dithering
dudar en + inf — to hesitate to + inf
dudar de algo/alguien — to doubt something/somebody
* * *= be hesitant (to), doubt, have + second thoughts, hesitate, waver, express + reservations, have + reservations (about), dither, hang back, be suspicious, voice + reservations, teeter + on the edge of, think + twice.Ex. I remember being hesitant to buy a CD player because I was attached to my extensive collection of LPs collected over a lifetime.Ex. He explained that while there was considerable turnover he doubted 18 assistants would be needed in the year, perhaps three or four at best.Ex. We can then have second thoughts, and possibly arrive at a more suitable form of truncation.Ex. Good luck and don't hesitate to ask me or anyone on the management team for advice or assistance!.Ex. The first decision in establishing headings for the works of corporate bodies is the one over which code makers have wavered.Ex. While reservations have been expressed about the festival, its value in enhancing and enriching the cultural life of this part of the country is evident.Ex. Librarians who have reservations about the spread of electronically based services are not Luddites.Ex. The Executive Board has been dithering over the control of the search for the next executive director = La Junta Directiva ha estado dudando si controlar o no la elección del siguiente director ejecutivo.Ex. This article explores the implications of these threats, maintaining that publishers cannot afford to hang back, but must innovate or atrophy.Ex. Collection development librarians are often met with distrust from faculty colleagues who are often suspicious of their ability to select books.Ex. The author voices reservations about the latest amendments to the Library Act.Ex. We would like to encourage other institutions who have been teetering on the edge of implementation to get on their running shoes and go for it.Ex. I would urge you most sincerely and strongly to think twice or three times before putting your shelflist into an undeveloped system.----* dudar entre... y/o... = hover between... and/or....* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.* no lo dudes = take it from me.* sin dudar = without a doubt.* sin dudarlo = without hesitation.* * *1.verbo transitivo to doubtdudo que te haya dicho la verdad — I doubt if o whether he's told you the truth
es el mejor, no lo dudes — it's the best one, take it from me
2.yo hice todo lo que pude - no lo dudo, pero... — I did everything I could - I'm sure you did, but...
dudar vicómpralo, no sigas dudando — go ahead and buy it, stop dithering
dudar en + inf — to hesitate to + inf
dudar de algo/alguien — to doubt something/somebody
* * *= be hesitant (to), doubt, have + second thoughts, hesitate, waver, express + reservations, have + reservations (about), dither, hang back, be suspicious, voice + reservations, teeter + on the edge of, think + twice.Ex: I remember being hesitant to buy a CD player because I was attached to my extensive collection of LPs collected over a lifetime.
Ex: He explained that while there was considerable turnover he doubted 18 assistants would be needed in the year, perhaps three or four at best.Ex: We can then have second thoughts, and possibly arrive at a more suitable form of truncation.Ex: Good luck and don't hesitate to ask me or anyone on the management team for advice or assistance!.Ex: The first decision in establishing headings for the works of corporate bodies is the one over which code makers have wavered.Ex: While reservations have been expressed about the festival, its value in enhancing and enriching the cultural life of this part of the country is evident.Ex: Librarians who have reservations about the spread of electronically based services are not Luddites.Ex: The Executive Board has been dithering over the control of the search for the next executive director = La Junta Directiva ha estado dudando si controlar o no la elección del siguiente director ejecutivo.Ex: This article explores the implications of these threats, maintaining that publishers cannot afford to hang back, but must innovate or atrophy.Ex: Collection development librarians are often met with distrust from faculty colleagues who are often suspicious of their ability to select books.Ex: The author voices reservations about the latest amendments to the Library Act.Ex: We would like to encourage other institutions who have been teetering on the edge of implementation to get on their running shoes and go for it.Ex: I would urge you most sincerely and strongly to think twice or three times before putting your shelflist into an undeveloped system.* dudar entre... y/o... = hover between... and/or....* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.* no lo dudes = take it from me.* sin dudar = without a doubt.* sin dudarlo = without hesitation.* * *dudar [A1 ]vtto doubtlo dudo mucho I doubt it very muches lo que te conviene, no lo dudes it's what's right for you, take it from meyo hice todo lo que pude — no lo dudo, pero … I did everything I could — I'm sure you did, but …dudar QUE + SUBJ:nunca dudé que fuera inocente I never doubted his innocence o that he was innocentdudo que llegue a tiempo I doubt that o if o whether I'll get there in time, I don't think I'll get there in timedudo que te haya dicho la verdad I doubt if o whether he's told you the truth■ dudarvivamos, cómpralo, no sigas dudando go ahead and buy it, stop hesitating o ditheringestá dudando entre comprar y alquilar she can't make up her mind o she is in two minds whether to buy or rentdudar EN + INF to hesitate to + INFno dudes en llamarme don't hesitate to call medudar DE algo/algn to doubt sth/sb¿dudas de su honradez? do you doubt his honesty?no dudo de su capacidad para desempeñar el cargo I don't doubt o I'm not questioning his ability to do the job¿cómo pude dudar de ti? how could I have doubted you?* * *
dudar ( conjugate dudar) verbo transitivo
to doubt;◊ dudo que lo haya terminado I doubt if o whether he's finished it
verbo intransitivo: duda entre comprar y alquilar she can't make up her mind whether to buy or rent;
dudar en hacer algo to hesitate to do sth;
dudar de algo/algn to doubt sth/sb
dudar
I verbo intransitivo
1 to doubt: no dudes de él, don't distrust him
2 (estar indeciso) to hesitate [en, to]: dudaban entre comprarlo o no, they hesitated whether to buy it or not
II verbo transitivo to doubt: dudo mucho que se disculpe, I very much doubt that he'll apologize
' dudar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
vacilar
- ver
- titubear
English:
debate
- doubt
- falter
- hesitate
- shot
- suspect
- vacillate
- waver
* * *♦ vi1. [desconfiar]dudar de algo/alguien to have one's doubts about sth/sb;dudo de sus intenciones I question his intentions;no dudo de su buena voluntad I don't doubt his goodwill;sé que dudan de mí, pero yo soy inocente I know they have their doubts about me, but I'm innocent;¿acaso dudas de mí? don't you trust me then?3. [vacilar] to hesitate;dudar entre hacer una cosa u otra to be unsure whether to do one thing or another;no dudes en venir a preguntarme don't hesitate to come and ask me♦ vtto doubt;¿vas a venir? – lo dudo are you going to come? – I doubt it, I don't think so;lo dudo mucho I very much doubt it;después de dudarlo bastante se decidió a ir after being in some doubt he decided to go;¿que eres sincero? permíteme que lo dude so you're telling the truth, are you? I think I'll reserve judgement on that, if I may;yo no lo hice – no lo dudo, pero… I didn't do it – I'm sure you didn't, but…;no lo dude, ha hecho lo que debía you can rest assured you've done the right thing;dudo que venga I doubt (whether) he'll come;no dudo que lo hiciera con muy buena intención no doubt he did it with the best of intentions* * *I v/t doubt;¡no lo dudes! of course!, no problem!II v/i1 hesitate (en to);no dudar en hacer algo not hesitate to do sth2:dudar de alguien not trust s.o.* * *dudar vt: to doubtdudar vidudar en : to hesitate tono dudes en pedirme ayuda: don't hesitate to ask me for help* * *dudar vb1. (en general) to doubtsi llueve, que lo dudo, iremos al museo if it rains, which I doubt, we'll go to the museum2. (vacilar) to hesitate3. (no poder escoger) not to be sure / not to be able to make up your mind4. (desconfiar) to mistrust -
6 duda
f.1 doubt.poner algo en duda to call something into questionsacar a alguien de la duda to remove somebody's doubtssalir de dudas to set one's mind at restsin duda without (a) doubttengo mis dudas I have my doubts¡la duda ofende! how could you doubt me!no cabe duda there is no doubt about itno te quepa duda don't doubt it, make no mistake about it2 acatalepsia.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: dudar.imperat.2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: dudar.* * *1 doubt\no hay duda there is no doubtno te quepa duda make no mistake about itponer algo en duda to question somethingsacar a alguien de dudas to dispel somebody's doubtssalir de dudas to shed one's doubtssin duda no doubt, without a doubtsin la menor duda without the slightest doubt* * *noun f.1) doubt2) hesitation* * *SF1) (=incertidumbre) doubtal principio tuve muchas dudas — I had a lot of misgivings o doubts at first
queda la duda en pie sobre... — doubt remains about...
•
un hecho que no admite duda — an unquestionable fact•
ante la duda, no lo hagas — if in doubt, don't•
me asaltó la duda de si... — I was suddenly seized by a doubt as to whether...•
no cabe duda de que... — there can be no doubt that...no me cabe la menor duda de que vamos a ganar — I have absolutely no doubt that we will win, there is absolutely no doubt in my mind that we will win
•
en caso de duda — if in doubt"en caso de duda, consulte a su farmacéutico" — "if in doubt, consult your pharmacist"
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estar en duda, aún está en duda si él será el nuevo director — there's still some doubt as to o about whether he will be the new managerestoy en la duda sobre si me iré de vacaciones o no — I'm undecided o in two minds about whether to go on holiday or not
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fuera de toda duda — beyond all doubt•
sin lugar a duda(s) — without doubt, undoubtedly•
poner algo en duda — to question sth, doubt sthnadie está poniendo en duda su fidelidad — nobody is questioning o doubting his fidelity
no pongo en duda que sea verdad, pero... — I don't doubt that it's true, but...
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sacar a algn de dudas o de la duda — to clear things up for sb•
salir de dudas, pregúntaselo a él, así saldremos de dudas — ask him, then we'll knowpues no salimos de dudas — we're none the wiser, then
•
sin duda — undoubtedlyesta es, sin duda alguna, una de las mejores novelas que he leído — this is, without (any) doubt, one of the best novels I've read, this is undoubtedly one of the best novels I've read
•
sin sombra de duda — without a shadow of a doubtla duda ofende —
¿cómo que si te lo voy a devolver?, por favor, la duda ofende — what do you mean am I going to give it back to you?, how could you think otherwise?
2) (=pregunta) question, query¿queda alguna duda? — are there any queries?
* * *1) (interrogante, sospecha) doubtexpuso sus dudas sobre... — he expressed his reservations about...
¿tienen alguna duda? — are there any queries o questions?
no cabe ninguna duda or la menor duda — there cannot be the slightest doubt
sin duda or sin lugar a dudas — undoubtedly
ante or en la duda, abstente — if in doubt, don't
2) (estado de incertidumbre, indecisión)no sé que hacer, estoy en (la) duda — I don't know what to do; I'm of (AmE) o (BrE) in two minds about it
* * *= doubt, reservation, qualm, perplex, quandary, equivocation.Ex. However, for others, the ideal status had not yet been achieved and there was doubt about the practical applicability of equity laws.Ex. Microforms are easy to use, although there were early reservations concerning the fact that users need to become familiar with any specific kind of microform and its reader.Ex. In the article 'Caveats, qualms, and quibbles: a revisionist view of library automation', a public librarian expresses his concern about computers in libraries and the lack of healthy scepticism in libraries when considering the likely benefits of automation.Ex. The article 'The print perplex' asserts that librarians must deal with a future of mixed print and digital material, since most books will never be in digital form.Ex. The increasing use and popularity of the Internet and phytomedicinals (medicinal herbs and medical botanics) have created a quandary for researchers, consumers and information professionals.Ex. We stand with the Secretary-General of the United Nations and other distinguished speakers in stating without equivocation that everyone has the right to freedom of expression.----* arrojar dudas sobre = cast + doubt on, cast + doubt on.* con dudas = uncertainly.* confirmar las dudas = fulfil + doubts.* dar a Alguien el beneficio de la duda = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.* demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.* demostrar sin ninguna duda = demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar sin ningún género de duda = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + emphatically, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* despertar dudas = stir + doubts.* disipar dudas = dispel + doubts.* duda en uno mismo = self-doubt.* duda, la = seed of doubt, the.* dudas = hesitation, misgiving, second thoughts.* dudas + asaltar = doubts + assail.* el beneficio de la duda = the benefit of the doubt.* empezar a tener dudas = get + cold feet.* en duda = in doubt.* en un mar de dudas = at sea.* estar en duda = be in question.* estar en un mar de dudas = feel at + sea, be all at sea.* expresar dudas = express + doubts, express + reservations, express + misgivings, voice + misgivings, voice + reservations.* fuera de toda duda = incontrovertible, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* generar dudas = make + Nombre + doubt.* germen de la duda, el = seed of doubt, the.* haber poca duda de que = there + be + little doubt that.* la menor duda de que = no doubt whatsoever.* lleno de dudas = doubtful.* más allá de cualquier duda = beyond any doubt.* más allá de ninguna duda = beyond doubt, beyond doubt, beyond any doubt.* más allá de toda duda = beyond doubt, beyond any doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* no dejar duda = leave + little doubt.* no dejar ninguna duda = leave + no doubt.* no haber duda de que = there + be + no doubt that.* no haber duda (que) = there + be + no question (that).* no hay duda de que = undoubtedly.* no poner en duda = be unquestioned.* plantear dudas = raise + doubts.* plantearse dudas = have + second thoughts.* poner en duda = challenge, be flawed, question, render + suspect, unsettle, regard + with suspicion, put in + doubt, call into + question, shed + doubt, throw into + doubt, throw + doubt on.* poner en duda la validez de = bring into + question the validity of.* poner en duda unos principios = shake + foundations.* por encima de toda duda = beyond reproach, above reproach.* producir dudas = make + Nombre + doubt.* que no se ha puesto en duda = unquestioned, unscrutinised [unscrutinized, -USA].* resolver las dudas = solve + Posesivo + doubts.* sembrar el germen de la duda = plant + the seed of doubt, sow + the seed of doubt.* sembrar la duda = plant + the seed of doubt, sow + the seed of doubt.* sin duda = doubtless, no doubt, of course, surely, to be sure, undoubtedly, indubitably, without a doubt, without doubt, no mistake, hands down.* sin duda alguna = without any doubt.* sin el menor asomo de duda = without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* sin la más mínima duda = without the shadow of a doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* sin la menor duda = no mistake, no doubt.* sin la menor sombra de duda = without a shadow of a doubt.* sin lugar a dudas = conclusively, undeniably, unquestionably, without any doubt, by all accounts, no mistake, no doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, to be sure.* sin ninguna duda = without question, without any doubt, beyond doubt, beyond any doubt, no mistake, no doubt.* sin ningún género de duda = without any doubt whatsoever.* sin ningún género de dudas = indisputably.* sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.* sin ponerlo en duda = uncritically.* sin ponerse en duda = unquestioned.* suscitar duda = shed + doubt.* suscitar dudas = raise + doubts.* tener dudas = be doubtful, have + misgivings, have + reservations (about), be suspicious.* tener dudas sobre = be ambivalent about.* * *1) (interrogante, sospecha) doubtexpuso sus dudas sobre... — he expressed his reservations about...
¿tienen alguna duda? — are there any queries o questions?
no cabe ninguna duda or la menor duda — there cannot be the slightest doubt
sin duda or sin lugar a dudas — undoubtedly
ante or en la duda, abstente — if in doubt, don't
2) (estado de incertidumbre, indecisión)no sé que hacer, estoy en (la) duda — I don't know what to do; I'm of (AmE) o (BrE) in two minds about it
* * *la duda(n.) = seed of doubt, theEx: Of course just like any seed, the seed of doubt needs proper environment to grow.
= doubt, reservation, qualm, perplex, quandary, equivocation.Ex: However, for others, the ideal status had not yet been achieved and there was doubt about the practical applicability of equity laws.
Ex: Microforms are easy to use, although there were early reservations concerning the fact that users need to become familiar with any specific kind of microform and its reader.Ex: In the article 'Caveats, qualms, and quibbles: a revisionist view of library automation', a public librarian expresses his concern about computers in libraries and the lack of healthy scepticism in libraries when considering the likely benefits of automation.Ex: The article 'The print perplex' asserts that librarians must deal with a future of mixed print and digital material, since most books will never be in digital form.Ex: The increasing use and popularity of the Internet and phytomedicinals (medicinal herbs and medical botanics) have created a quandary for researchers, consumers and information professionals.Ex: We stand with the Secretary-General of the United Nations and other distinguished speakers in stating without equivocation that everyone has the right to freedom of expression.* arrojar dudas sobre = cast + doubt on, cast + doubt on.* con dudas = uncertainly.* confirmar las dudas = fulfil + doubts.* dar a Alguien el beneficio de la duda = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.* demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.* demostrar sin ninguna duda = demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar sin ningún género de duda = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + emphatically, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* despertar dudas = stir + doubts.* disipar dudas = dispel + doubts.* duda en uno mismo = self-doubt.* duda, la = seed of doubt, the.* dudas = hesitation, misgiving, second thoughts.* dudas + asaltar = doubts + assail.* el beneficio de la duda = the benefit of the doubt.* empezar a tener dudas = get + cold feet.* en duda = in doubt.* en un mar de dudas = at sea.* estar en duda = be in question.* estar en un mar de dudas = feel at + sea, be all at sea.* expresar dudas = express + doubts, express + reservations, express + misgivings, voice + misgivings, voice + reservations.* fuera de toda duda = incontrovertible, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* generar dudas = make + Nombre + doubt.* germen de la duda, el = seed of doubt, the.* haber poca duda de que = there + be + little doubt that.* la menor duda de que = no doubt whatsoever.* lleno de dudas = doubtful.* más allá de cualquier duda = beyond any doubt.* más allá de ninguna duda = beyond doubt, beyond doubt, beyond any doubt.* más allá de toda duda = beyond doubt, beyond any doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* no dejar duda = leave + little doubt.* no dejar ninguna duda = leave + no doubt.* no haber duda de que = there + be + no doubt that.* no haber duda (que) = there + be + no question (that).* no hay duda de que = undoubtedly.* no poner en duda = be unquestioned.* plantear dudas = raise + doubts.* plantearse dudas = have + second thoughts.* poner en duda = challenge, be flawed, question, render + suspect, unsettle, regard + with suspicion, put in + doubt, call into + question, shed + doubt, throw into + doubt, throw + doubt on.* poner en duda la validez de = bring into + question the validity of.* poner en duda unos principios = shake + foundations.* por encima de toda duda = beyond reproach, above reproach.* producir dudas = make + Nombre + doubt.* que no se ha puesto en duda = unquestioned, unscrutinised [unscrutinized, -USA].* resolver las dudas = solve + Posesivo + doubts.* sembrar el germen de la duda = plant + the seed of doubt, sow + the seed of doubt.* sembrar la duda = plant + the seed of doubt, sow + the seed of doubt.* sin duda = doubtless, no doubt, of course, surely, to be sure, undoubtedly, indubitably, without a doubt, without doubt, no mistake, hands down.* sin duda alguna = without any doubt.* sin el menor asomo de duda = without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* sin la más mínima duda = without the shadow of a doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.* sin la menor duda = no mistake, no doubt.* sin la menor sombra de duda = without a shadow of a doubt.* sin lugar a dudas = conclusively, undeniably, unquestionably, without any doubt, by all accounts, no mistake, no doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, to be sure.* sin ninguna duda = without question, without any doubt, beyond doubt, beyond any doubt, no mistake, no doubt.* sin ningún género de duda = without any doubt whatsoever.* sin ningún género de dudas = indisputably.* sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.* sin ponerlo en duda = uncritically.* sin ponerse en duda = unquestioned.* suscitar duda = shed + doubt.* suscitar dudas = raise + doubts.* tener dudas = be doubtful, have + misgivings, have + reservations (about), be suspicious.* tener dudas sobre = be ambivalent about.* * *A (interrogante, sospecha) doubtexisten dudas con respecto a la autoría de este poema there are doubts regarding the authorship of this poemexpuso sus dudas sobre la viabilidad del proyecto he expressed his doubts o reservations about the feasibility of the projecttengo unas dudas para consultar con el profesor I have a few points I'd like to go over with the teacherme ha surgido una duda there's something I'm not sure aboutno logré disipar sus dudas I was unable to dispel his doubts¿entendieron bien o tienen alguna duda? is that clear or are there any queries o questions?¿crees que lo podrá hacer él? — tengo mis dudas do you think that he will be able to do it? — I have my doubtsde pronto lo asaltó una duda suddenly he was seized by doubtno hay ni sombra de duda sobre su culpabilidad there can be no doubt about his guilt, there isn't a shadow of doubt that he's guiltynunca tuve la menor duda de que tenía razón I was never in any doubt that he was right, I never doubted that he was rightsu honestidad está fuera de (toda) duda his honesty is beyond (all) doubtde eso no cabe la menor duda there's absolutely no doubt about thatno cabe ninguna duda or la menor duda there cannot be the slightest doubtno te quepa la menor duda make no mistake!que es buen médico no lo pongo en duda pero … I don't doubt that he's a good doctor, but …nadie pone en duda su capacidad para realizar el trabajo nobody questions o doubts his ability to do the jobfue, sin duda, uno de los mejores escritores del siglo he was undoubtedly o without doubt one of the best writers of the centurysin duda te lo has preguntado más de una vez no doubt you've asked yourself this more than once, I'm sure you've asked yourself this more than oncesin lugar a dudas without doubtsu manera de actuar no dejaba lugar a dudas the way he behaved left little room for doubt¡la duda ofende! ( fam): ¿no habrás cogido tú el dinero? — ¡la duda ofende! you didn't take the money, did you? — how can you even think such a thing?por las dudas just in caseante or en la duda, abstente if in doubt, don'tB(estado de incertidumbre, indecisión): estaba convencido, pero ya me has hecho entrar en (la) duda I was sure, but now you've made me wonderno sé si decírselo o no, estoy en (la) duda I don't know whether to tell him or not: I'm of ( AmE) o ( BrE) in two minds about itel resultado todavía está en duda the result still isn't certain o is still in doubta ver si puedes sacarme de la duda do you think you can clear something up for me? o I wonder if you know o if you can tell mesi estás en (la) duda no lo compres if you're not sure o if you're in any doubt, don't buy it* * *
Del verbo dudar: ( conjugate dudar)
duda es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
duda
dudar
duda sustantivo femenino
1 (interrogante, sospecha) doubt;◊ expuso sus dudas sobre … he expressed his reservations about …;
tengo unas dudas para consultar I have a few points I'd like to check;
me ha surgido una duda there's something I'm not sure about;
¿tienen alguna duda? are there any queries o questions?;
nunca tuve la menor duda de que tenía razón I never doubted that he was right;
fuera de (toda) duda beyond (all) doubt;
de eso no cabe la menor duda there's absolutely no doubt about that;
lo pongo en duda I doubt it;
sin duda or sin lugar a dudas undoubtedly;
sin duda ya te lo habrás preguntado no doubt you'll have already asked yourself that question;
para salir de dudas just to be doubly sure
2 (estado de incertidumbre, indecisión):
a ver si puedes sacarme de la duda do you think you can clear something up for me?;
si estás en (la) duda no lo compres if you're not sure don't buy it
dudar ( conjugate dudar) verbo transitivo
to doubt;◊ dudo que lo haya terminado I doubt if o whether he's finished it
verbo intransitivo: duda entre comprar y alquilar she can't make up her mind whether to buy or rent;
duda en hacer algo to hesitate to do sth;
duda de algo/algn to doubt sth/sb
duda sustantivo femenino doubt: la lectura le despertó esa duda, reading aroused that doubt in him
su integridad está fuera de toda duda, her integrity is beyond question
puso en duda la viabilidad del proyecto, he questioned the viability of the project
♦ Locuciones: sin (lugar a) duda, (ciertamente) es sin duda alguna el mejor producto del mercado, it's without question the best product on the market
dudar
I verbo intransitivo
1 to doubt: no dudes de él, don't distrust him
2 (estar indeciso) to hesitate [en, to]: dudaban entre comprarlo o no, they hesitated whether to buy it or not
II verbo transitivo to doubt: dudo mucho que se disculpe, I very much doubt that he'll apologize
' duda' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acaso
- caber
- debatirse
- despejar
- desvanecerse
- disipar
- existir
- inseguridad
- plantear
- poner
- reconcomer
- reparo
- reserva
- sombra
- abrigar
- aclarar
- asaltar
- bueno
- consultar
- dudar
- entrar
- entredicho
- leve
- perdurar
- reflejar
- resolver
- seguro
- titubeo
English:
benefit
- burn out
- cast
- clinch
- definitely
- doubt
- doubtless
- if
- illuminate
- illumination
- misgiving
- pocket
- positively
- qualm
- query
- question
- seed
- settle
- should
- surely
- uncertainty
- vestige
- well
- bound
- definite
- doubtful
- element
- self-
- shadow
- undoubtedly
* * *duda nf1. [inseguridad, indecisión] doubt;la duda se apoderó de él he was filled with doubt;ante la duda,… if in doubt,…;sacar a alguien de la duda to remove sb's doubts2. [cuestión, problema]¿alguien tiene alguna duda? does anyone have any questions?, is there anything anyone's not clear about?;resolveré vuestras dudas al final de la clase I'll answer your questions o I'll go over anything you're not sure about at the end of the class;todavía me queda una duda, ¿por qué lo hizo? there's still one thing I don't understand, why did she do it?;me asalta una duda, ¿habré hecho bien en dejar a los niños solos? I can't help wondering whether I was right to leave the children on their own;queda la duda de qué habría pasado si… the doubt remains about what would have happened if…;salir de dudas to clear up doubts;pregúntale y así salimos de dudas ask him and that will settle the matter;con su detallada explicación salimos finalmente de dudas her detailed explanation finally cleared up our doubts3. [desconfianza, sospecha] doubt;expresó sus dudas sobre la oportunidad de celebrar un referéndum he expressed some doubt about whether it was a good idea to have a referendum;existen dudas sobre la autoría del atentado there is some doubt surrounding who was responsible for the attack;tengo mis dudas I have my doubts;nunca tuve la menor duda de que era inocente I never for one moment doubted that she was innocent, I never had the slightest doubt that she was innocent;estar fuera de toda duda to be beyond the slightest doubt;su inocencia está fuera de toda duda her innocence is not in question, there is no question that she is innocent;no cabe (la menor) duda there is (absolutely) no doubt about it;no cabe duda de que el tabaco es perjudicial para la salud there's no doubt that smoking is bad for your health;no te quepa (la menor) duda don't doubt it, make no mistake about it;no dejar lugar a dudas to leave no room for doubt;poner algo en duda to put sth in doubt;dice que ha resuelto el problema – lo pongo en duda she says she has solved the problem – I would doubt that o I rather doubt that;pongo en duda que pueda hacerlo en una semana I doubt he can do it in a week, I would question whether he can do it in a week;sin duda without (a) doubt;el avión es, sin duda, el medio de transporte más cómodo the plane is undoubtedly o without doubt the most comfortable form of transport;es, sin duda, la mejor lasaña que he probado nunca it is beyond a doubt o definitely the best lasagne I've ever had;¿vendrás a la fiesta? – ¡sin duda! are you coming to the party? – of course!;sin duda alguna, sin alguna duda without (a) doubt;sin la menor duda without the slightest doubt;sin sombra de duda beyond the shadow of a doubt;¡la duda ofende!: ¿te molestaría que invitáramos a mi madre? – la duda ofende would you mind if we invited my mother? – of course you can, there's no need to ask;no creía que fueras a acabar – ¡la duda ofende! I never thought you'd finish – well thank you very much!* * *f doubt;sin duda without doubt;poner en duda call into question;estar fuera de (toda) duda be beyond (any) doubt;no cabe la menor duda there is absolutely no doubt;salir de dudas get things clear;todavía tengo mis dudas I still have (my) doubts, I’m still dubious* * *duda nf: doubtno cabe duda: there's no doubt about it* * *duda n1. (en general) doubt2. question / query [pl. queries]¡señor, tengo una duda! sir! I've got a query! -
7 crédito
m.1 credit, accommodation.2 good reputation, credit, reputation, credence.* * *1 COMERCIO credit2 (confianza) credit, belief, credence3 (fama) reputation, standing\a crédito on creditdar crédito a (creer) to believe (in)ser digno,-a de crédito to be reliabletener crédito to have a good reputationcrédito hipotecario debt secured by a mortgage* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=fe) creditdar crédito a algo — to believe sth, credit sth
no podía dar crédito a sus oídos/ojos — he could hardly believe his ears/eyes
2) (=fama) standing, reputation3) (Com, Econ) creditcrédito puente — bridging loan, bridge loan (EEUU)
crédito renovable, crédito rotativo — revolving credit
4) (Univ) credit5) (Cine, TV)* * *1)a) ( en negocio) creditb) ( cuenta) accountc) ( préstamo) loanconceder un crédito — to give o grant a loan
2)a) ( credibilidad)no dar crédito a sus ojos/oídos: no di crédito a mis ojos/oídos — I couldn't believe my eyes/ears
b) (prestigio, fama) reputation3) (Cin, TV) credit4) (Educ) credit* * *1)a) ( en negocio) creditb) ( cuenta) accountc) ( préstamo) loanconceder un crédito — to give o grant a loan
2)a) ( credibilidad)no dar crédito a sus ojos/oídos: no di crédito a mis ojos/oídos — I couldn't believe my eyes/ears
b) (prestigio, fama) reputation3) (Cin, TV) credit4) (Educ) credit* * *crédito11 = credit.Ex: Orders placed with a vendor as well as any credit or debit notes for the vendor are displayed by entering the number '9'.
* aceptar tarjeta de crédito = honour + credit card.* crédito agrícola = agricultural credit, farm credit, farm loan.* crédito blando = soft loan.* crédito hipotecario = mortgage.* datos de la tarjeta de crédito = credit card details.* escasez de crédito = credit crunch, credit squeeze.* número de la tarjeta de crédito = credit card number.* remanente de crédito = basketing.* tarjeta de crédito = credit card.* vender a crédito = make + charge sale.crédito22 = credit.Ex: They rejected totally the notion of giving credit for work done off-campus.
* con créditos = credit-carrying.* crédito de transferencia = transfer credit.* créditos de película = film credits.* curso con créditos = credit course.* dar crédito = give + credence.* digno de crédito = credible, believable, creditable.* no dar crédito = disbelief.* no dar crédito a + Posesivo + oídos = not believe + Posesivo + ears.* no dar crédito a + Posesivo + ojos = not believe + Posesivo + eyes.* sin créditos = non-credit.* sin reconocimiento de créditos = non-credit.* transferencia de créditos = credit transfer.* * *A1(en un negocio): tengo crédito en esa tienda they let me have credit in that shop2 (cuenta) account3 (préstamo) loanme concedieron un crédito they gave me a loanCompuestos:export credit( Esp) bank loansoft loanmortgagedeferred creditoverdraft facilitymortgage loaninstant credithome income planrollover creditB1(credibilidad): fuentes dignas de crédito reliable sourcesno di crédito a sus palabras I didn't believe what he said, I doubted his words ( frml)no dar crédito a sus ojos/oídos: no di crédito a mis ojos/oídos I couldn't believe my eyes/ears2(prestigio, fama): fracasos que han venido a empañar su buen crédito failures which have tarnished his reputationun médico que goza de mucho crédito a doctor of some o good standingC ( Cin, TV) creditlos créditos de la película the movie o film creditsD ( Educ) credit* * *
crédito sustantivo masculino
1
a crédito on credit
2 ( credibilidad):
no di crédito a sus palabras I doubted his words (frml)
3 (Cin, TV, Educ) credit
crédito sustantivo masculino
1 Com Fin credit
(préstamo) loan
2 (credibilidad) credibility
3 (prestigio) reputation
♦ Locuciones: a crédito, on credit
dar crédito a, to believe
' crédito' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
aparecer
- bien
- desautorizar
- habilitar
- plausible
- solvencia
- solvente
- tarjeta
- título
- a
- admitir
- fiar
- instantáneo
- plástico
English:
applicant
- card
- cardholder
- charge account
- charge card
- consumer credit
- credence
- credit
- credit account
- credit card
- credit line
- ear
- facility
- interested
- loan
- plastic bag
- revolving credit
- bank
- building
- by
- charge
* * *crédito nm1. [préstamo] loan;pedir un crédito to ask for a loan;(comprar algo) a crédito (to buy sth) on creditMéx crédito de avío agricultural loan;crédito bancario bank loan;crédito blando soft loan;crédito comercial business loan;crédito al consumo consumer credit;crédito de empalme bridging loan;crédito a la exportación export credit;crédito hipotecario mortgage (loan);crédito oficial official credit;crédito personal personal loan;crédito preferencial preferential credit;crédito provisional bridging loan;crédito puente bridging loan;crédito renovable revolving credit;crédito vivienda mortgage2. [cantidad de dinero] credit3. [plazo de préstamo] credit4. [en tienda] credit;en esta tienda tengo crédito they give me credit in this shop5. [confianza] trust, belief;digno de crédito trustworthy;dar crédito a algo to believe sth;¡no doy crédito a mis oídos! I can't believe my ears!6. [fama] standing, reputation7. [en universidad] credit* * *m1 COM credit;a crédito on credit;crédito bancario (bank) credit2:no dar crédito a sus oídos/ojos fam not believe one’s ears/eyes;dar crédito a algo believe sth;digno de crédito reliable, trustworthy* * *crédito nm: credit* * *crédito n1. (método de pago) credit2. (préstamo) loan -
8 М-176
НИ НА МИНУТУ PrepP Invar adv used with negated verbs) not for the shortest amount of time: not (even) for a minute (a second) not for one minute (second) not for a (single) moment not for an instant never (for a moment (an instant)) (with more than one subj) neither...nor...for a minute (a second, a moment, an instant).Если появляется где-то поблизости жеребёнок, то мул старается ни на минуту от него не отходить... (Искандер 3). If a foal appears somewhere nearby, the mule tries not to leave his side even for a minute... (3a).Ни одна из нас ни на минуту не закрывала рта (Гинзбург 1). No one stopped talking for a second (1a)....Я никогда, никогда не усомнился в главном. Понимаете, никогда, ни на минуту не усомнился» (Войнович 6). ".. I never, never doubted the main thing. Never doubted it, not for one minute" (6a).Она была прелестная шестнадцатилетняя девочка, очевидно страстно его любящая (в этом он не сомневался ни на минуту) (Толстой 5). She was a charming girl of sixteen, and obviously was passionately in love with him (he did not doubt this for an instant) (5a)....Она женщина и ни на минуту не забывает об этом... (Залыгин 1)....She was a woman and never forgot it... (1a)....Ни усталость, ни скука не могли ни на минуту согнать с лица мягкость, которая была господствующим и основным выражением, не лица только, а всей души... (Гончаров 1)....Neither weariness nor boredom could for an instant erase the softness which was the predominant and essential expression, not only of his face but of his whole soul... (1b). -
9 ни на минуту
[PrepP; Invar; adv; used with negated verbs]=====⇒ not for the shortest amount of time:- never (for a moment < an instant>);- [with more than one subj] neither...nor...for a minute (a second, a moment, an instant).♦ Если появляется где-то поблизости жеребёнок, то мул старается ни на минуту от него не отходить... (Искандер 3). If a foal appears somewhere nearby, the mule tries not to leave his side even for a minute... (3a).♦ Ни одна из нас ни на минуту не закрывала рта (Гинзбург 1). No one stopped talking for a second (1a).♦ "...Я никогда, никогда не усомнился в главном. Понимаете, никогда, ни на минуту не усомнился" (Войнович 6). ".. I never, never doubted the main thing. Never doubted it, not for one minute" (6a).♦ Она была прелестная шестнадцатилетняя девочка, очевидно страстно его любящая (в этом он не сомневался ни на минуту) (Толстой 5). She was a charming girl of sixteen, and obviously was passionately in love with him (he did not doubt this for an instant) (5a).♦...Она женщина и ни на минуту не забывает об этом... (Залыгин 1)....She was a woman and never forgot it... (1a).♦...Ни усталость, ни скука не могли ни на минуту согнать с лица мягкость, которая была господствующим и основным выражением, не лица только, а всей души... (Гончаров 1)....Neither weariness nor boredom could for an instant erase the softness which was the predominant and essential expression, not only of his face but of his whole soul... (1b).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни на минуту
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10 ни
1. союзни... ни — neither... nor; отрицание не при этом не переводится:
ни он, ни она не будет там — neither he nor she will be there
они не видели ни его, ни её — they saw neither him nor her
ни тот ни другой — neither (the one nor the other):
ни та ни другая сторона (+ не) — neither side
он не нашёл, не видел и т. п. ни того ни другого — he found, saw, etc., neither; he did not find, did not see, etc., either
♢
ни то ни сё — neither one thing nor the other; ( так себе) so-soни с того ни с сего — all of a sudden; for no reason at all; without rhyme or reason идиом. разг.
2. частицани за что ни про что ( без основания) — for no reason at all (ср. тж. ни II)
1. (перед сущ. в ед. числе, перед словом один или единый) not a; отрицание не при этом не переводитсяне упало ни (одной, единой) капли — not a (single) drop fell
ни один из них (+ не) — none of them
ни один из ста, из тысячи (+ не) — not one in a hundred, in a thousand
ни один, ни одна, ни одно... не — (даже один и т. д.... не) not a; (никакой и т. д.... не) no:
ни один человек не шевельнулся — not a soul, или single person, stirred
не... ни одного, ни одной и т. д. — передаётся через отрицание при глаголе + a single (см. не I):
2. (перед предл. с косв. пад. от какой, кто, что):ни... какого, ни... какой и т. д. не — no (... whatever); или передаётся через отрицание при глаголе + any (... whatever) (см. не I; ср. никакой):
ни в какой книге он не мог найти этого — he could find that in no book, he could not find that in any book (whatever)
ни... кого, ни... кому и т. д. не — nobody; или передаётся через отрицание при глаголе + anybody (ср. никто):
он ни с кем не советовался — he consulted nobody, he did not consult anybody
ни у кого нет, не было (рд.) — nobody has, had (d.)
ни у кого из них нет (рд.) — none of them has (d.)
ни... чего, ни... чему и т. д. не — nothing; или передаётся через отрицание при глаголе + anything (ср. ничто):
ни в чём не сомневался — doubted nothing, did not doubt anything
всё это ни к чему ( напрасно) — it is all to no good
это ни к чему не привело ( было безрезультатно) — it led to nothing
ни за что — (даром, напрасно) for nothing; ( ни в коем случае) never:
ни с чем ( ничего не имея) — with nothing, without anything
3.:как ни, какой ни, что ни, куда ни, где ни и т. п. — см. под соотв. наречиями и местоимениями
♢
ни в каком, или ни в коем, случае (не) — on no account; by no meansни гу-гу! разг. ( молчать) — not a word!; mum's the word!; don't let it go any farther!; keep it dark!
он ни гу-гу ( промолчал) — he never said a word; he kept mum разг. (ср. тж. ни I)
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11 ни
Iни... ни союз — neither ['naɪ-], ['niː-]... nor; отрицание не при этом не переводится
ни он, ни она́ не бу́дет там — neither he nor she will be there
они́ не ви́дели ни его́, ни её — they saw neither him nor her
ни за́ ни про́тив — neither for nor against
ни тот ни друго́й — neither of the two
ни та ни друга́я сторона́ — neither side
он не ви́дел ни того́ ни друго́го — he saw neither; he did not see either
••ни то ни сё — 1) ( ни один из двух) neither one thing nor the other 2) ( так себе) so-so
ни ры́ба ни мя́со — neither fish nor fowl
ни к селу́ ни к го́роду — completely out of place; without rhyme or reason
II частицани с того́ ни с сего́ — all of a sudden; for no reason at all; without rhyme or reason идиом. разг.
1) (перед сущ. в ед. числе, перед словом один или единый) not a; отрицание не при этом не переводитсяне упа́ло ни (одно́й / еди́ной) ка́пли — not a (single) drop fell
ни ша́гу да́льше! — not a step further!
ни души́ на у́лице — not a soul in the street
ни ра́зу не ви́дел его́ — never saw him
ни сло́ва бо́льше! — not another word!
ни оди́н из них — none of them
ни оди́н из ста, из ты́сячи — not one in a hundred, in a thousand
ни оди́н челове́к не шевельну́лся — not a soul [single person] stirred
ни оди́н челове́к не мо́жет сде́лать э́то — nobody can do that
не мог найти́ ни одного́ приме́ра — could not find a single instance
не пропусти́л ни одно́й ле́кции — did not miss a single lecture
ни в како́й кни́ге он не мог найти́ э́того — he could find that in no book, he could not find that in any book (whatever)
не приво́дится ни в како́й друго́й кни́ге — is given in no other book
не зави́сит ни от каки́х обстоя́тельств — does not depend on any circumstances (whatever)
он ни с кем не сове́товался — he consulted nobody, he did not consult anybody
он ни на кого́ не полага́ется — he relies on nobody
ни у кого́ нет [не́ было] (рд.) — nobody has [had] (d)
ни у кого́ из них нет (рд.) — none of them has (d)
ни в чём не сомнева́лся — doubted nothing, did not doubt anything
всё э́то ни к чему́ (напрасно) — it is all to no good
э́то ни к чему́ не привело́ — it led to nothing
ни на что не годи́тся — is good for nothing
он э́то ни на что не променя́ет — he will not exchange it for anything
ни с чем (ничего не имея) — with nothing, without anything
ни на чём не осно́ванный — groundless
••ни в ко́ем / како́м слу́чае — on no account; by no means
ни за каки́е де́ньги! — not for anything!
ни за что — 1) (даром, напрасно) for nothing 2) ( ни в коем случае) never 3) ( выражает отказ) no way!, not on my life!
он получи́л э́то ни за что — he got it for nothing
он ни за что не догада́ется — he will never guess
ни за что на све́те! — not for the world!
ни за что на све́те не стал бы де́лать э́того — would not do it for anything in the world
ни гу-гу! разг. (молчать) — not a word!; mum's the word!; don't let it go any farther!; keep it dark!
он ни гу-гу́ (промолчал) — he never said a word; he kept mum разг.
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12 unzweifelhaft
I Adj. unquestionable, indubitableII Adv. doubtless, without (a) doubt, undoubtedly* * *undoubtful (Adj.); unquestionable (Adj.); undoubted (Adj.); indubitable (Adj.)* * *ụn|zwei|fel|haft1. adjundoubted, indubitable, unquestionable2. advwithout doubt, undoubtedly, indubitably* * *1) (not doubted or denied: the undoubted excellence of the work.) undoubted2) (certainly: Unquestionably, he deserves to be punished.) unquestionably3) (that cannot be doubted; completely certain: unquestionable proof.) unquestionable* * *un·zwei·fel·haft[ˈʊntsvaifl̩haft]* * *1.Adjektiv unquestionable; undoubted2.adverbial unquestionably; undoubtedly* * *A. adj unquestionable, indubitableB. adv doubtless, without (a) doubt, undoubtedly* * *1.Adjektiv unquestionable; undoubted2.adverbial unquestionably; undoubtedly* * *adj.undoubted adj. adv.undoubtedly adv. -
13 dubio
dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].I.Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).A.Lit. (very rare):B.ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.1.Act.a.Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:b.sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:consilii,
Just. 2, 13:sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):2.dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):b.videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:proelia,
Tac. G. 6:auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—In the neutr. absol.(α).(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:(β).si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:(γ).an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —In dubium:(δ).in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:(ε).dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;(ζ).with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:3.dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):b.res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):II.mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,(α).dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):(β).potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2. -
14 dubium
dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].I.Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).A.Lit. (very rare):B.ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.1.Act.a.Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:b.sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:consilii,
Just. 2, 13:sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):2.dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):b.videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:proelia,
Tac. G. 6:auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—In the neutr. absol.(α).(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:(β).si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:(γ).an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —In dubium:(δ).in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:(ε).dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;(ζ).with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:3.dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):b.res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):II.mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,(α).dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):(β).potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2. -
15 dubius
dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].I.Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).A.Lit. (very rare):B.ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.1.Act.a.Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:b.sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:consilii,
Just. 2, 13:sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):2.dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):b.videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:proelia,
Tac. G. 6:auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—In the neutr. absol.(α).(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:(β).si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:(γ).an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —In dubium:(δ).in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:(ε).dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;(ζ).with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:3.dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):b.res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):II.mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,(α).dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):(β).potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2. -
16 Mind
It becomes, therefore, no inconsiderable part of science... to know the different operations of the mind, to separate them from each other, to class them under their proper heads, and to correct all that seeming disorder in which they lie involved when made the object of reflection and inquiry.... It cannot be doubted that the mind is endowed with several powers and faculties, that these powers are distinct from one another, and that what is really distinct to the immediate perception may be distinguished by reflection and, consequently, that there is a truth and falsehood which lie not beyond the compass of human understanding. (Hume, 1955, p. 22)Let us then suppose the mind to be, as we say, white Paper, void of all Characters, without any Ideas: How comes it to be furnished? Whence comes it by that vast store, which the busy and boundless Fancy of Man has painted on it, with an almost endless variety? Whence has it all the materials of Reason and Knowledge? To this I answer, in one word, from Experience. (Locke, quoted in Herrnstein & Boring, 1965, p. 584)The kind of logic in mythical thought is as rigorous as that of modern science, and... the difference lies, not in the quality of the intellectual process, but in the nature of things to which it is applied.... Man has always been thinking equally well; the improvement lies, not in an alleged progress of man's mind, but in the discovery of new areas to which it may apply its unchanged and unchanging powers. (Leґvi-Strauss, 1963, p. 230)MIND. A mysterious form of matter secreted by the brain. Its chief activity consists in the endeavor to ascertain its own nature, the futility of the attempt being due to the fact that it has nothing but itself to know itself with. (Bierce, quoted in Minsky, 1986, p. 55)[Philosophy] understands the foundations of knowledge and it finds these foundations in a study of man-as-knower, of the "mental processes" or the "activity of representation" which make knowledge possible. To know is to represent accurately what is outside the mind, so to understand the possibility and nature of knowledge is to understand the way in which the mind is able to construct such representation.... We owe the notion of a "theory of knowledge" based on an understanding of "mental processes" to the seventeenth century, and especially to Locke. We owe the notion of "the mind" as a separate entity in which "processes" occur to the same period, and especially to Descartes. We owe the notion of philosophy as a tribunal of pure reason, upholding or denying the claims of the rest of culture, to the eighteenth century and especially to Kant, but this Kantian notion presupposed general assent to Lockean notions of mental processes and Cartesian notions of mental substance. (Rorty, 1979, pp. 3-4)Under pressure from the computer, the question of mind in relation to machine is becoming a central cultural preoccupation. It is becoming for us what sex was to Victorians-threat, obsession, taboo, and fascination. (Turkle, 1984, p. 313)7) Understanding the Mind Remains as Resistant to Neurological as to Cognitive AnalysesRecent years have been exciting for researchers in the brain and cognitive sciences. Both fields have flourished, each spurred on by methodological and conceptual developments, and although understanding the mechanisms of mind is an objective shared by many workers in these areas, their theories and approaches to the problem are vastly different....Early experimental psychologists, such as Wundt and James, were as interested in and knowledgeable about the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as about the young science of the mind. However, the experimental study of mental processes was short-lived, being eclipsed by the rise of behaviorism early in this century. It was not until the late 1950s that the signs of a new mentalism first appeared in scattered writings of linguists, philosophers, computer enthusiasts, and psychologists.In this new incarnation, the science of mind had a specific mission: to challenge and replace behaviorism. In the meantime, brain science had in many ways become allied with a behaviorist approach.... While behaviorism sought to reduce the mind to statements about bodily action, brain science seeks to explain the mind in terms of physiochemical events occurring in the nervous system. These approaches contrast with contemporary cognitive science, which tries to understand the mind as it is, without any reduction, a view sometimes described as functionalism.The cognitive revolution is now in place. Cognition is the subject of contemporary psychology. This was achieved with little or no talk of neurons, action potentials, and neurotransmitters. Similarly, neuroscience has risen to an esteemed position among the biological sciences without much talk of cognitive processes. Do the fields need each other?... [Y]es because the problem of understanding the mind, unlike the wouldbe problem solvers, respects no disciplinary boundaries. It remains as resistant to neurological as to cognitive analyses. (LeDoux & Hirst, 1986, pp. 1-2)Since the Second World War scientists from different disciplines have turned to the study of the human mind. Computer scientists have tried to emulate its capacity for visual perception. Linguists have struggled with the puzzle of how children acquire language. Ethologists have sought the innate roots of social behaviour. Neurophysiologists have begun to relate the function of nerve cells to complex perceptual and motor processes. Neurologists and neuropsychologists have used the pattern of competence and incompetence of their brain-damaged patients to elucidate the normal workings of the brain. Anthropologists have examined the conceptual structure of cultural practices to advance hypotheses about the basic principles of the mind. These days one meets engineers who work on speech perception, biologists who investigate the mental representation of spatial relations, and physicists who want to understand consciousness. And, of course, psychologists continue to study perception, memory, thought and action.... [W]orkers in many disciplines have converged on a number of central problems and explanatory ideas. They have realized that no single approach is likely to unravel the workings of the mind: it will not give up its secrets to psychology alone; nor is any other isolated discipline-artificial intelligence, linguistics, anthropology, neurophysiology, philosophy-going to have any greater success. (Johnson-Laird, 1988, p. 7)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Mind
-
17 нет
no, not; there is no• Для этих газов нет уравнения состояния. - For these gases an equation of state is not available.• Нет недостатка в вопросах, на которые следует ответить. - There is no shortage of questions to be answered.• Нет ни малейшего признака того, что... - There is not a grain of evidence to suggest...• Нет ни малейшего сомнения в том, что... - It cannot be doubted that...• Нет оснований надеяться на... - It is beyond reason to hope for...• Нет смысла вдаваться во все детали... - There is no point in going through all the details of...• Нет сомнения, что... - There is no doubt that...• Среди... нет двух одинаковых. - No two of... are the same.• У нас нет большого выбора. - We have little choice.• У нас нет необходимости вдаваться здесь в детали. - We need not go into the details here. -
18 Sicherheit
f1. (Sichersein, Schutz) safety; bes. POL., MIL. security; öffentliche Sicherheit public safety ( oder security); innere Sicherheit POL. internal security; für jemandes persönliche Sicherheit garantieren guarantee s.o.’s personal safety; in Sicherheit bringen (Person, Sache) bring to safety; (retten) rescue; (Sache) auch get into a safe place; sich in Sicherheit bringen escape from ( oder get out of danger), reach safety; sich durch einen Sprung in Sicherheit bringen jump to safety; in Sicherheit sein be safe (and sound); sich / jemanden in Sicherheit glauben oder wähnen believe one / s.o. is safe; sich / jemanden in Sicherheit wiegen be lulled / lull s.o. into a false sense of security; auf seine Sicherheit hin überprüfen (Gerät etc.) do a safety check on; Arbeitsplatz2. (Gewissheit) certainty; (Zuverlässigkeit) einer Quelle, Methode: reliability; von Geschmack, Urteil: sureness, soundness; mit Sicherheit definitely; siehe auch sicherlich; aber mit Sicherheit! definitely!, no doubt about it!; ich weiß es mit Sicherheit I know that for certain ( oder for a fact), I’m certain of that; etw. wird mit Sicherheit eintreten s.th. is bound to happen; mit ziemlicher Sicherheit almost certainly; mit an Sicherheit grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit very probably, if not certainly; das kann man wohl / nicht mit Sicherheit sagen it would be safe to say that / one cannot say that with any certainty; man kann mit Sicherheit annehmen one may safely assume3. (Sicherheit im Auftreten, Selbstsicherheit) (self-)confidence, self-assurance; (sicheres Können) assured ( oder total) competence; Sicherheit in Englisch etc. confidence in English etc.; mit traumwandlerischer Sicherheit with the sureness ( oder sure instinct) of a sleepwalker; er ist begabt, aber es fehlt ihm noch die Sicherheit he is gifted but lacks assurance4. (Sicherheitsleistung, Bürgschaft, Pfand) security; WIRTS., durch Deckung: cover; was für Sicherheiten haben Sie? what kind of security Sg. do you have?; Sicherheit leisten give security; für einen Kredit Sicherheit leisten secure a loan; Sicherheit (Kaution) stellen JUR. stand bail* * *die Sicherheit(Deckung) collateral; cover; security;(Gefahrlosigkeit) safeness; safety;(Gewissheit) certainty;(Selbstbewusstsein) self-assurance* * *Sị|cher|heitf -, -en1) no pl (= Gewissheit) certaintySicherheit darüber verschaffen, dass... — to assure oneself that...
woher nimmst du die Sicherheit,...? — how can you be so sure...?
mit an Sicherheit grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit — almost certainly, probably if not certainly
das lässt sich nicht mit Sicherheit sagen/beweisen — that cannot be said/proved with any degree of certainty
2) no pl (= Schutz, das Sichersein) safety; (als Aufgabe von Sicherheitsbeamten etc) securityjdn/etw in Sicherheit bringen — to get sb/sth to safety
es gelang mir in letzter Minute, mich im Keller in Sicherheit zu bringen — at the last minute I managed to get to the safety of the cellar
Sicherheit im Straßen-/Flugverkehr — road/air safety
in Sicherheit sein, sich in Sicherheit befinden — to be safe
3) no pl (= Zuverlässigkeit) (von Mittel, Methode, Geschmack, Instinkt) reliability, sureness; (= Festigkeit) (von Hand, beim Balancieren etc) steadiness; (von Fahrer, Schwimmer) competence; (von Hand, Job, Einkommen) steadiness; (von Stellung) security4) (= Treffsicherheit im Umgang mit Sprache) sureness5) no pl (= Selbstsicherheit) (self-)confidence, (self-)assurance6) (COMM, FIN) security; (= Pfand) suretySicherheit leisten (Comm, Fin) — to offer security; (Jur) to stand or go bail
etw als Sicherheit hinterlegen (Comm, Fin) — to deposit or lodge sth as security; (Jur) to put up sth as bail
* * *die1) (confidence: an air of assurance.) assurance2) (something which cannot be doubted: It's a certainty that he will win.) certainty3) (the state of being, or making safe, secure, free from danger etc: the security of a happy home; This alarm system will give the factory some security; There has to be tight security at a prison; ( also adjective) the security forces; a security guard.) security4) safeness5) (the state of being safe: I worry about the children's safety on these busy roads; a place of safety; ( also adjective) safety goggles; safety helmet.) safety6) sureness* * *Si·cher·heit<-, -en>fdie innere \Sicherheit domestic securitydie öffentliche \Sicherheit public safetysoziale \Sicherheit social securityetw/jdn/sich in \Sicherheit bringen to get sth/sb/oneself to safety[irgendwo] in \Sicherheit sein to be safe [somewhere]sich in \Sicherheit wiegen [o wähnen] to think oneself safejdn in \Sicherheit wiegen to lull sb into a false sense of securityder \Sicherheit halber to be on the safe side, in the interests of safetymit an \Sicherheit grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit almost certainlymit \Sicherheit for certainich kann es nicht mit letzter \Sicherheit sagen I can't be one hundred per cent sure about thatvon absoluter \Sicherheit sein to be absolutely reliable; eines Urteils soundness\Sicherheit im Auftreten assured mannerdingliche \Sicherheit real securityursprüngliche/zusätzliche \Sicherheit original/additional securityeine \Sicherheit freigeben to release a security\Sicherheit für eine Forderung security for a debtDarlehen gegen \Sicherheit loan against collateral* * *die; Sicherheit, Sicherheiten1) o. Pl. safety; (der Öffentlichkeit) securityjemanden/etwas in Sicherheit [vor etwas (Dat.)] bringen — save or rescue somebody/something [from something]
sich vor etwas (Dat.) in Sicherheit bringen — escape from something
2) o. Pl. (Gewissheit) certaintymit an Sicherheit (Akk.) grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit — with almost complete certainty; almost certainly
3) (Wirtsch.): (Bürgschaft) security4) o. Pl. (Zuverlässigkeit, Vertrauenswürdigkeit) reliability; soundness5) o. Pl. (Selbstbewusstsein) [self-] confidence; [self-]assuranceSicherheit im Auftreten — [self-]confidence of manner
* * *öffentliche Sicherheit public safety ( oder security);innere Sicherheit POL internal security;für jemandes persönliche Sicherheit garantieren guarantee sb’s personal safety;in Sicherheit bringen (Person, Sache) bring to safety; (retten) rescue; (Sache) auch get into a safe place;sich in Sicherheit bringen escape from ( oder get out of danger), reach safety;sich durch einen Sprung in Sicherheit bringen jump to safety;in Sicherheit sein be safe (and sound);sich/jemanden in Sicherheit glauben oderwähnen believe one/sb is safe;sich/jemanden in Sicherheit wiegen be lulled/lull sb into a false sense of security;2. (Gewissheit) certainty; (Zuverlässigkeit) einer Quelle, Methode: reliability; von Geschmack, Urteil: sureness, soundness;aber mit Sicherheit! definitely!, no doubt about it!;ich weiß es mit Sicherheit I know that for certain ( oder for a fact), I’m certain of that;etwas wird mit Sicherheit eintreten sth is bound to happen;mit ziemlicher Sicherheit almost certainly;mit an Sicherheit grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit very probably, if not certainly;das kann man wohl/nicht mit Sicherheit sagen it would be safe to say that/one cannot say that with any certainty;man kann mit Sicherheit annehmen one may safely assume3. (Sicherheit im Auftreten, Selbstsicherheit) (self-)confidence, self-assurance; (sicheres Können) assured ( oder total) competence;mit traumwandlerischer Sicherheit with the sureness ( oder sure instinct) of a sleepwalker;er ist begabt, aber es fehlt ihm noch die Sicherheit he is gifted but lacks assurancewas für Sicherheiten haben Sie? what kind of security sg do you have?;Sicherheit leisten give security;für einen Kredit Sicherheit leisten secure a loan;stellen JUR stand bail* * *die; Sicherheit, Sicherheiten1) o. Pl. safety; (der Öffentlichkeit) securityjemanden/etwas in Sicherheit [vor etwas (Dat.)] bringen — save or rescue somebody/something [from something]
sich vor etwas (Dat.) in Sicherheit bringen — escape from something
2) o. Pl. (Gewissheit) certaintymit an Sicherheit (Akk.) grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit — with almost complete certainty; almost certainly
3) (Wirtsch.): (Bürgschaft) security4) o. Pl. (Zuverlässigkeit, Vertrauenswürdigkeit) reliability; soundness5) o. Pl. (Selbstbewusstsein) [self-] confidence; [self-]assuranceSicherheit im Auftreten — [self-]confidence of manner
* * *f.certainty n.certitude n.certitudes n.immunity n.safeness n.safety n.secureness n.security n. -
19 dubitare
doubt (di something)dubito che venga I doubt whether he'll come* * *dubitare v. intr.1 ( mettere in dubbio) to doubt (sthg.); to have (one's) doubts (about s.o., sthg.); ( essere in dubbio) to be unsure: è un infelice, dubita di tutto e di tutti, he's an unhappy man, he has doubts about everything and everyone; dubitare della buona fede di qlcu., to have doubts about s.o.'s good faith; dubito della verità delle tue parole, I doubt the truth of your words; ne dubito, I doubt it (o I have my doubts); non dubitiamo di ciò, we do not doubt that; dubito se andare o restare, I am unsure whether to go or to stay2 ( non ritenere possibile) to doubt, not to think* possible, to question: dubito che riusciremo a partire col primo treno, I doubt whether we'll be able to leave on the first train; dubitava che tu riuscissi, he doubted you would succeed; dubitare della vittoria, not to think victory possible (o to question the possibility of victory)3 ( temere) to be afraid, to suspect: dubito che sia adirato con me, I'm afraid he's angry with me; verrò con te, non dubitare!, I'll come along, you can depend on it!4 ( diffidare) to distrust (s.o.), to mistrust (s.o.), to feel* doubtful: dubita di quell'adulatore!, distrust that flatterer!; dubitare delle proprie forze, to doubt (o to mistrust) one's own strength.* * *[dubi'tare]1)dubitare di — to doubt [fatto, onestà, persona]
dubitare dell'innocenza di qcn. — to have doubts about sb.'s innocence
2) filos. relig. to doubt3) (temere) to suspect, to be* afraidnon dubiti, Le telefonerò presto — don't worry, I'll phone you soon
* * *dubitare/dubi'tare/ [1](aus. avere)1 dubitare di to doubt [fatto, onestà, persona]; dubitare dell'innocenza di qcn. to have doubts about sb.'s innocence; dubito che questa sera venga I doubt (whether) he'll come tonight; ne dubito (molto)! I doubt it (very much)!2 filos. relig. to doubt3 (temere) to suspect, to be* afraid; non dubiti, Le telefonerò presto don't worry, I'll phone you soon. -
20 βδελυρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `disgusting, loathsome' (Ar.)Derivatives: βδελύσσομαι (- ττ-), fut. βδελύξομαι `feel a loathing' (Hp.), act. - ύσσω, - ύττω (LXX) with βδελυγμία (Cratin.) etc. Vb. adj. βδελυκτός ( βδελύκτροπος from *βδελυκτο-τροπος A.). PN Βδελυ-κλέων (Ar.). βδελυχρός (Epich.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: βδελυρός is mostly explained as formed from βδέ-ω with a λυ-suffix (as in θῆ-λυ-ς), but this is hardly possible. A verb in - εω does not give a stem in -ε to which suffixes can be added. Then, a suffix - λυ- probably does not exist: θῆλυς seems rather built on an λ-stem (DELG, Frisk); and - λυ- was certainly no longer productive (Chantr. Form. 121). Here an λ-suffix was seen in βδέλλων τρέμων η βδέων, βδέλεσθαι κοιλιολυτεῖν H. (forms which are doubted) and in βδόλος `stench' (Com. Adesp. 781; cf. γαλεόβδολον, s. γαλέη). But these form are as difficult: there was no stem βδε- to which a suffix could be added. Also, it seems not clear from the meaning that βδελυρός was derived from βδέω (in H. forms are often explained with μισέω): that later the verb influenced by the meaning is easy to understand. Therefore the word cannot be explained as a Greek formation. It then seems probable to analyse βδελ-υρ-, both components of which are prob. Pre-Greek: βδ- and the suffix - υρ- (s. Beekes, Pre-Greek).Page in Frisk: 1,229-230Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βδελυρός
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